Have spent 18 years in Canada working, and been in on the ice roads, Awaian is close to the mark.
A heavy vehicle compresses the ice, and a small wave forms ahead of the heavy vehicle, this isn't a problem until it hits something (ie the lake shore ) and bounces back, the bounce turbulence, cause's cracks etc. There are other reasons, ie weight, weak ice, pressure cracks, thermal temps. but in my experience form 8 winters in the Canadian ice roads, and Mines, 80% of break threw, are within a few hundred meters, of the shore line.
One winter, Nuna logistics had a 14g and 16g cat grader, at each end of Tibbit lake NWT, from excessive speed. both partly sticking out of the ice,
Thus on big lakes, the approach speed to shore is slow, say 10kms an hour, but the may be 60-70kms an hour on open water on a big lake.
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